Only turn the engine in normal direction of rotation which is clockwise from the right-hand side of the vehicle. The harmonic balancer and crankshaft timing gear is not on a keyway and is held by the crankshaft retaining bolt, so make sure you set the engine to TDC before removing the harmonic balancer. The harmonic balancer retaining bolt is very tight, and special tool 999 7128 or an aftermarket equivalent is used for locking the harmonic balancer and stops it from turning. A new harmonic balancer retaining bolt will be required when refitting. To remove the harmonic balancer, first of all, remove the auxiliary drive belts, either completely or just secure them clear of the harmonic balancer, depending on the work to be carried out. The crankshaft has to be locked to prevent its rotation during the unscrewing of the harmonic balancer bolt. If the Volvo special tool is not available, remove the rubber plug from the transmission bellhousing and take a large screwdriver or similar and lock the flywheel ring gear teeth while an assistant slackens the harmonic balancer bolt, ensuring that no damage occurs to the teeth or the castings around them. If the engine/transmission has been removed and separated, lock out the flywheel with a locking tool. Unscrew the harmonic balancer bolt and remove the harmonic balancer. For refitting, follow the reverse of the process for removal, making certain the engine has not moved from its setting at the TDC position, and using a new retaining bolt, tighten it to the required torque.